Imagine this: you are 4 years old and live in Australia. Your mum is Dutch and your dad is Australian. Your mum has always spoken Dutch with you so you know that when she wakes you up in the morning, you’ll be speaking Dutch. But then when dad walks in you’ll have to change to English and this will happen a couple more times during the day.
Sounds exhausting? It actually isn’t. Research has found that young children have the ability to learn two languages simultaneously as well as to switch between the language systems, or “sound systems” without a problem (APS, 2013). According to an interview with Professor Clyne, a passionate advocate for bilingualism as well as an academic in the field, the constant switching develops strong problem-solving and cognitive skills which include flexibility, attention and memory (Theage.com, 2006). Young children who learn a second language at home or in a social community develop a stronger executive control over these skills than monolingual children. This is because they have to monitor their two languages consistently. While they use one, they have to inhibit the other and vice versa. They need to pay attention to their environment and be flexible enough to switch between languages when needed (Nicolay & Poncelet, 2015). Continue reading →